Skip to main content

Change in Mussolini’s Foreign Policy towards Nazi Germany.

Change in Mussolini’s Foreign Policy towards Nazi Germany.

Mussolini was at first suspicious of Hitler. He was concerned with preventing Austria from falling under the domination of Germany. To achieve this aim he extended protection to Chancellor Dollfuss. When Dollfuss was murdered by the Austrian Nazis in July 1934, he sent troops to Brenner pass to prevent German invasion of Austria. As a result the Nazis called off their attempt to seize power in Austria .Gradually Mussolini drifted from extreme suspicious of Hitler’s design on Austria to grudging administration of Hitler’s achievements. When Germany began rearmament, Mussolini at first joined Britain and France in Stress front in April 1935. But the Anglo-German Naval Agreement signed in June 1935 convinced Mussolini of British self interest and his relative with Front partners strained.

During his invasion of Abyssinia, League of Nation condemned and implemented Article 16 against Italy. Mussolini was angry at the imposition of Sanction by Britain and France and began moving closer to Germany who had not criticized the invasion and not applied sanction. Both Mussolini and Hitler gave help to General Franco in Spanish Civil war. An understanding known as Rome Berlin Axis was signed between the two. Mussolini was to much impressed by German strength during his visit to Germany and Japan. He dropped objection to merger of Germany with Austria. At Munich Conference the plan for handling over Sudetenland to Hitler was introduced by Mussolini. In 1939 he signed a full alliance with Germany known as Pact of Steel, by which Italy promised full military if war came. In 1940, after the fall of France he joined side of Germany by declaring war against the allied powers.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Champaran Satyagraha [1917] , Ahmadabad mill strike, Kheda Strike

Champaran Satyagraha [1917] Gandhiji’s first great experiment in Satyagraha came in 1917 in Champaran, a district in Bihar. The peasantry on the indigo plantation in the district was excessively oppressed by the European planters. They were compelled to grow indigo and to sell it at prices fixed by the planters. Gandhiji reached in Champaran in 1917 and began to conduct a detailed enquiry into the condition of the peasantry. The district officials ordered him to leave Champaran, but he defied the order and was willing to face trial and imprisonment. This forced the government to cancel its earlier order and to appoint a committee of enquiry on which Gandhiji served as a peasantry was suffering were reduced. This was the first triumph of Gandhiji new technique of Satyagraha in India. Ahmadabad mill strike In 1918, Gandhiji’s intervened in a dispute between the workers and mill owners of Ahmadabad. He advised the workers to go on strike and to demand a 35% increase in wages. He under to...
Post a Comment
Read more

Impact of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact:

There is a great controversy over the significance of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. The congress committees itself was divided on the result of the talk. Many people have it as a viceroy because the viceroy had to negotiate a settlement with the congress. Others particularly the younger, left wing sectors were opposed to the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, for the government had not accepted even one of the major national demands. The consequences of the pact were as follows: 1. The viceroy had forced to treat the Indian nation leaders on an equal footing. 2. It greatly increased the prestige of the congress as the viceroy and Gandhiji’s put their signatures on a Treaty OF Peace. 3. The British accepted congress as an authority to speak for political India. 4. When the rural congress workers were released from jail and went to their village, they were given reception. This demonstrated the awakening of political conscious among masses to a degree undreamt of before. It also gave evidence of the high mora...
Post a Comment
Read more

GANDHI-IRWIN PACT 1931

The First Round Table Conference was held in London in 1930. Not much was done at the conference on account of the absence of the congress representatives. The government knew that any settlement regarding Indians people would be incomplete, if the congress refused to co-operate. So the British were eager to compromise. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Jayakar became the mediators between the congress and the British. An understanding was reached between Gandhiji and Lord Irwin in 1931 which came to be known as Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Its provisions were:- The government agreed:- 1. To release all the political prisoners except those guilty of violence. 2. To withdraw ordinance issued in connection with Civil Disobedience Movement. 3. To give back to the congress their confiscated properties. 4. To permit peaceful picketing of liquors and foreign cloth’s shop. 5. To permit such people as lived near sea-shore to manufacture salt. Gandhiji agreed:- ...
Post a Comment
Read more