Skip to main content

Events which helped Hitler in consolidating his power in Germany.

In January 1933, Hitler was appointed as chancellor of Germany. He was chancellor of the coalition government of national socialist and nationalists. But he was not satisfied with the amount of power he possessed. Nazis held only three out of eleven cabinet posts. Therefore he insisted on a general election in the hope of winning an overall majority for the Nazis and demanded new election(5th march ).

The election campaign was an extremely violent one. The Nazis now in power were able to use all the apparatus of state, including press and radio, to try to whip up a majority. The government instituted repressive measures against the communists, social democrats and other parties. Senior police officers were replaced with reliable Nazis. Meetings of all parties except Nazis and nationalist were wrecked.

The climax of the election campaign came on the myth of 27th February 1933 when the Reichstag building in Berlin was badly damaged by a fire. It was done by a young witted Dutch anarchist called Marianus Vander Lubbe, who was arrested tried and executed for his plans. It has been suggested that Nazis private army the SA knew about Vander Lubbe’s plan, but allowed him to go ahead and even started fires of their own else where in the building with the intension of blaming it on the communists.

Hitler accused the communists for this carnage saying that they had no faith in democracy. The so called betrayed communists had its impact on the poll. The Nazis captured 288 out of 647 seats in the new Reichstag and the nationalists 52. The Nazi – nationalists’ coalition thus received approximately 52% of the popular vote and a majority in Reichstag. On the death of Hindenburg in1934 Hitler made himself the President and chancellor of Germany. Thus Hitler laid the foundation of third German Republic or third Reich.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Champaran Satyagraha [1917] , Ahmadabad mill strike, Kheda Strike

Champaran Satyagraha [1917] Gandhiji’s first great experiment in Satyagraha came in 1917 in Champaran, a district in Bihar. The peasantry on the indigo plantation in the district was excessively oppressed by the European planters. They were compelled to grow indigo and to sell it at prices fixed by the planters. Gandhiji reached in Champaran in 1917 and began to conduct a detailed enquiry into the condition of the peasantry. The district officials ordered him to leave Champaran, but he defied the order and was willing to face trial and imprisonment. This forced the government to cancel its earlier order and to appoint a committee of enquiry on which Gandhiji served as a peasantry was suffering were reduced. This was the first triumph of Gandhiji new technique of Satyagraha in India. Ahmadabad mill strike In 1918, Gandhiji’s intervened in a dispute between the workers and mill owners of Ahmadabad. He advised the workers to go on strike and to demand a 35% increase in wages. He under to...
Post a Comment
Read more

Impact of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact:

There is a great controversy over the significance of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. The congress committees itself was divided on the result of the talk. Many people have it as a viceroy because the viceroy had to negotiate a settlement with the congress. Others particularly the younger, left wing sectors were opposed to the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, for the government had not accepted even one of the major national demands. The consequences of the pact were as follows: 1. The viceroy had forced to treat the Indian nation leaders on an equal footing. 2. It greatly increased the prestige of the congress as the viceroy and Gandhiji’s put their signatures on a Treaty OF Peace. 3. The British accepted congress as an authority to speak for political India. 4. When the rural congress workers were released from jail and went to their village, they were given reception. This demonstrated the awakening of political conscious among masses to a degree undreamt of before. It also gave evidence of the high mora...
Post a Comment
Read more

GANDHI-IRWIN PACT 1931

The First Round Table Conference was held in London in 1930. Not much was done at the conference on account of the absence of the congress representatives. The government knew that any settlement regarding Indians people would be incomplete, if the congress refused to co-operate. So the British were eager to compromise. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Jayakar became the mediators between the congress and the British. An understanding was reached between Gandhiji and Lord Irwin in 1931 which came to be known as Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Its provisions were:- The government agreed:- 1. To release all the political prisoners except those guilty of violence. 2. To withdraw ordinance issued in connection with Civil Disobedience Movement. 3. To give back to the congress their confiscated properties. 4. To permit peaceful picketing of liquors and foreign cloth’s shop. 5. To permit such people as lived near sea-shore to manufacture salt. Gandhiji agreed:- ...
Post a Comment
Read more