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Simon Commission:[Briefly mention the reasons for the Simon Commission visit to India Describe agitation against this Commission by the Indian people.]

Though the Swarajists leaders failed in their objectives, they impressed upon the govt of the need of early revision of the constitution of 1919.the Indian demand for political advance gradually grow more and more insistent. As a result in 1927 the British govt appointed the Indian statutory Commission to go into the question of further constitutional reform. General election was due to England in 1929 and there was a strong possibility of labour party coming into power the conservative party did not like to leave the appointment of the commission to such a successor govt. The commission was headed by Sir John Simon, which consisted of 7 members. It was an all white commission and non Indians were associated with it. This aroused strong prevent from the Indians. The British action was seen as a violation of the principle of self determination and a deliberate insult of the self-respect of the Indians. In Madras Session in 1927 presided over by Dr.Ansari decided to boycott the commission “at every stage and in every form”. The Muslim League and the Hindu Sabha decided to support the congress on decision. The Simon commission landed in Bombay on 3 February 1928. And all India hartals were observed on that day. Protest demonstrations were held every where. Wherever the commission went it was greeted with hartals and black flag demonstration under the slogan Simon go back. The govt used brutal suppression and police attacks Lala Lajpat Rai was seriously injured in one of the incidents from which he could not recover. The Commission firmly perused its programme and submitted a report in 1930. The recommendations of the commission were: i) There should be a federal govt at the centre consisting of British India and princely states. ii) Diarchy should be abandoned and the provinces deserved to be given full autonomy. iii) The provinces legislative council should be enlarged. iv) The communal representation was to continue. v) The presence of British troops and British troops and British officers in India would be needed for many years. vi) The high court would be under the administrative control of the Indian govt. IMPACT:-The Simon commission had a great impact on the Indians political life. In granted the climate for a political life. It granted the climate for a political revolution by creating fighting spirit among the Indian people. The Nehru Report and the demand for poorna Swaraj were the off shook of the political excitement created by protest against the commission. The civil disobedient movement began as a protest against the commission.

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